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 Under construction Adaptive streaming: See MBR Analog: The principal feature of analog representations is that they are continuous. For example, clocks with hands are analog - the hands move continuously around the clock face. As the minute hand goes around, it not only touches the numbers 1 through 12, but also the infinite number of points in between. Similarly, our experience of the world, perceived in sight and sound, is analog. We perceive infinitely smooth gradations of light and shadow; infinitely smooth modulations of sound. Traditional (non-digital) video is analog. Animated GIF: GIF is a bitmap file format often used on the Web. GIF (which may be correctly pronounced as either "gif" with a hard "g" or "jiff") stands for Graphic Interchange Format. Because it applies data compression, GIF is often used for photographic images. An animated GIF combines several images into a single GIF file. Applications that support the animated GIF standard (GIF89A) cycle through the images, creating the impression of motion. The animated GIF format does not provide as much control and flexibility as other animation formats but, because it is supported by nearly every Web browser, has become very popular. Architecture: The structure of the software, or the system of software components, responsible for the creation, storage, and playback of multimedia content. An architecture may include such things such as encoders, compression/decompression support, file formats, server software, and browser plug-ins. Different multi-media architectures offer different features and options, and store data in different file formats. QuickTime, Real Video, and Windows Media are examples of streaming media architectures. Artifact: Visible degradations of an image resulting from any of a variety of processes. In digital video, artifacts usually result from color compression, and are most noticeable around sharply contrasting color boundaries such as black next to white. ASF: Defined by Microsoft, "ASF" stands for Advanced Streaming Format. ASF is the file format in the Windows Media architecture. ASP: An application service provider (ASP) is a third party entity that manages and distributes software-based services and solutions to customers across a wide area network from a central data center. Aspect ratio: The ratio of an image’s width to its height. For example, a standard video display has an aspect ratio of 4:3. Asynchronous: Not coordinated in time; contrasted with synchronous. In a typical synchronous protocol, each successive transmission of data requires a response to the previous transmission before a new one can be initiated. An asynchronous protocol allows transmissions to occur independently of one another. In computer communications using asynchronous protocols, each piece of data usually has a start bit at the beginning and a stop bit at the end, so that the valid data can be distinguished from random noise. Most communications between computers and devices are asynchronous; the public Internet is based on an asynchronous system. AVI : Defined by Microsoft, "AVI" stands for Audio Video Interleave. AVI is the standard file format for digital video on the Microsoft® Windows® platform. AVI is not a streaming format; ASF (Advanced Streaming Format) is the Windows Media streaming format. Glossaire (PDF : 168 ko) |
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